Shared Hosting vs. Dedicated Hosting: A Direct Com­par­is­on of Both Hosting Models

The release of a web ap­plic­a­tion is as­so­ci­ated with numerous chal­lenges. Aside from the planning and design of the project’s content and technical aspects, the selection of a suitable hosting en­vir­on­ment also has an es­pe­cially decisive role. This is because without the right hardware equipment, your web project’s chances for success and op­por­tun­it­ies for growth will be limited. For this reason, you should thor­oughly consider from the beginning which ca­pa­cit­ies you require – both in the short and long-term – as well as what financial resources you have available (and/or can budget for).

If you don’t operate your own server and instead want to rent resources with a provider, you’ll very likely come across the terms “shared hosting” and “dedicated hosting” while re­search­ing. These two hosting models, which are both older than the cloud hosting model now found every­where, stand out in their different ap­proaches to the ad­min­is­tra­tion and the al­loc­a­tion of hardware resources. What this spe­cific­ally means and to what extent shared hosting and dedicated hosting differ from each other in terms of cost, per­form­ance and security, you’ll learn in this article.

Anyone who utilises a web hosting provider is primarily renting hardware that can be used for operating a website. The provider thus makes servers available that provide the ap­pro­pri­ate level of computing power in the form of RAM and CPU and as well the necessary hard drive space. This makes it possible to get operating systems, web servers, databases and other com­pon­ents up and running.

If you go for dedicated hosting, the provider assigns you one or several specific servers with resources that are available to you and you alone. With shared hosting, the starting position is somewhat different: like with dedicated hosting, the provider usually assigns you one or several specific servers from their con­tin­gent. However, you share the resources with other customers. In simpler terms, only your own projects run on a dedicated server, while your web ap­plic­a­tions run alongside those of other users on a shared server.

At first glance, it seems as though there is no big dif­fer­ence for customers when deciding between a dedicated hosting package and a shared hosting package. In both cases you control the rented resources remotely, so it generally isn’t at all trans­par­ent if the data of other customers is also being stored on the target server. However, if you look at factors such as cost, security and capacity, it quickly becomes clear that both hosting models dif­fer­en­ti­ate them­selves very clearly in practice. In order to make selecting the right package for your website easier, we have sum­mar­ised the most important dif­fer­ences for you in a “shared hosting vs. dedicated hosting” com­par­is­on.

As already mentioned, the main dif­fer­ence between dedicated hosting and shared hosting is the fact that, with the latter, both your own projects and the websites of other customers are hosted on the same server. At the same time, you can’t choose how many users you must share the hosting resources with or know about what type of projects are featured on the “server neighbour’s” websites. With dedicated hosting, in contrast, you can always be certain as to what data is stored on the rented server. This is because you are the only customer with access.

Re­gard­less of whether you host a website on your own server or that of a provider, the topic of security has a sig­ni­fic­ant role. Pro­tect­ive measures against malware attacks, theft, DDoS and brute-force attacks are part of the mandatory program for every re­spons­ible website operator.

The pre­requis­ites for ful­filling this re­spons­ib­il­ity are very different for shared hosting and dedicated hosting, as dedicated hosting customers must in­de­pend­ently install, configure and monitor security solutions such as firewalls and security ap­plic­a­tions. For the setup and mon­it­or­ing of basic security measures on shared servers, however, the provider is always re­spons­ible, so in this respect you must only act if would like to take ad­di­tion­al security measures. The fact that you and other users share the hardware does however increase the general security risk – es­pe­cially if you share the server with customers who operate suspect or insecure websites.

A crucial concern when choosing a hosting provider is always the bandwidth that’s being offered. The provider’s data­centres often have excellent internet con­nec­tions, which is certainly also necessary for moving the vast volumes of data from different customers in both dir­ec­tions at maximum speed. Nev­er­the­less, the in­di­vidu­al servers are of course always subject to a bandwidth limit so that this service can be offered to all customers as reliably as possible without any losses.

In both cases you arrange how much bandwidth (minimum and/or maximum) you‘ll have available when fi­nal­ising a contract with the provider. On a shared server, however, the concept of “shared” resources can lead to the actual bandwidth being clearly less than agreed. This is normally due to another customer’s project already exceeding the limit and as a result limiting the resources available for all other parties. Because this so-called “noisy neighbour” effect causes long loading times, over­loaded web servers and other mal­func­tions—and as a result, un­sat­is­fied customers—most hosting providers normally remove related projects when there’s repeated bandwidth vi­ol­a­tions.

Choosing between dedicated hosting and shared hosting depends on how much control over the rented server you require or wish to have. On a dedicated server you normally have root rights, and the option of in­stalling your own script and programs. In addition, you can change entire servers and operating system settings at any time. However, this also implies that you have a high degree of re­spons­ib­il­ity and must, for example, attend to updates or main­ten­ance work.

With shared hosting you don’t have to worry about these types of duties. Updating and main­tain­ing the server and installed software com­pon­ents falls com­pletely within the provider’s range of re­spons­ib­il­it­ies. Because they must also ensure that all parties have exclusive access to their own web servers and web space, the access per­mis­sions—unlike with dedicated hosting—are clearly re­stric­ted. This is why you can only have changes to the software in­stall­a­tions or central server con­fig­ur­a­tions performed by the provider, although you must always first get in touch with them to have this done. This makes short-term or spon­tan­eous ad­just­ments im­possible.

One of the biggest concerns for website operators is ending up on search engine black­lists, and as a result, auto­mat­ic­ally vanishing from search results. This would make your web project prac­tic­ally invisible to numerous web users. Anyone who doesn’t directly enter the URL into the address bar will then only discover it via links that lead to your pages.

Es­sen­tially, you can avoid such a scenario by heeding the search engine guidelines when designing your website, and by hosting the latter through a reputable provider. Should you book a shared server, however, there is the risk that you’ll share the server with operators who violate the standards or even dis­trib­ute spam or malware via their website. In this case it is possible that Google and other search engines will blacklist the entire IP range. When using a dedicated server, in contrast, this risk isn’t an issue.

Less sur­pris­ingly, the costs for shared hosting and dedicated hosting are notably different. For the latter model, you’ll need a full server and its capacity, which, as agreed, the provider of course also expects you to pay for. The price for this ex­clus­iv­ity is notably higher than the costs that accrue when using a similar shared server, where you bear the costs with other renters according to the sharing concept. You benefit from this option es­pe­cially when you don’t require much CPU and storage space for your web project. This is why shared hosting is in demand right now in the private sector and among small busi­nesses.

The points in­tro­duced above show that dedicated hosting and shared hosting are geared toward two different customer bases. Thus, dedicated servers are the first choice for anyone who is looking for a hosting solution with maximum freedom and is also ready to invest the money to obtain it. For customers with smaller budgets, in contrast, a shared server has proven to be a suitable solution, as long as aspects such as per­form­ance and server ad­min­is­tra­tion are not a priority. Fur­ther­more, “community servers” are intended for projects that only require few hardware resources and thus could not exhaust the capacity of a dedicated server.