GitHub is an important tool for most de­velopers since it enables them to use the benefits of code hosting to access a project centrally. Users can con­trib­ute to a project no matter where they are in the world and save their changes in­de­pend­ently of one another. In contrast to other service providers that manage open source software, the project doesn’t con­cen­trate on col­lect­ing source codes, but the pos­sib­il­ity of using in­di­vidu­al re­pos­it­or­ies (dir­ect­or­ies that are managed with Git). GitHub users can either use Git or Sub­ver­sion as a VCS (Version Control System) to manage, maintain, and deploy their software projects.

Fact

With cent­ral­ised version control systems such as CVS or SVN, source codes or other files are saved in a re­pos­it­ory or project archive. From there they can be loaded onto other computers. After the pro­cessing is finished, the modified files can be re-imported into the re­pos­it­ory and any changes are also logged.

Ad­vant­ages and dis­ad­vant­ages of using GitHub

One advantage of GitHub is that the service allows unlimited free public code re­pos­it­or­ies for all users. However, a monthly sub­scrip­tion is required for private re­pos­it­or­ies. In GitHub, you can also create ‘or­gan­isa­tion­s' that es­sen­tially act as regular accounts with at least one user account acting as the owner.

However, in some cases there may also be lim­it­a­tions in GitHub’s usability and ef­fi­ciency. Sometimes there are com­plic­a­tions between the client and the employer, for example, when a private server is hosting the generated code. Another reason for needing an al­tern­at­ive to GitHub is when you wish to use another VCS that isn’t supported by GitHub. There are some good GitHub al­tern­at­ives, five of which are presented below.

GitLab

GitLab offers many useful features in its DVCS such as an in­teg­rated project wiki and a project website. GitLab’s con­tinu­ous in­teg­ra­tion cap­ab­il­it­ies test and deliver your code auto­mat­ic­ally, which saves time in the test phase. With GitLab, you get easy access to all the important aspects of your project through a code viewer, pull requests, and practical conflict res­ol­u­tion. The ap­plic­a­tion was mainly written in Ruby.

Source­Forge

Source­Forge actually existed before GitHub and other open source al­tern­at­ives and used to be the first choice when it came to open source solutions. The company had some problems with malware in 2015, but has been back on track since January 2016. Source­Forge now offers multi-factor au­thor­isa­tion, which echoes how con­scien­tious the software is when it comes to security. Other features include issue tracking and a built-in code directory.

Cloud Source Re­pos­it­or­ies

After Google Code flopped, the service merged with Google Cloud platform’s version control. Using Cloud Source Re­pos­it­or­ies, which is in the beta phase, other re­pos­it­or­ies can be connected via GitHub or Bitbucket as required. You can also use Google’s own re­pos­it­or­ies where your files are saved as part of the complete Google in­fra­struc­ture so you can be sure your code and ap­plic­a­tions are secure. The best advantage of Cloud Source Re­pos­it­or­ies: you can search for code directly through the browser and also track bugs through Cloud Dia­gnostics, while your code runs in the back­ground.

GitKraken

GitKraken puts a lot of emphasis on saving time, which benefits the user while testing the code. The system is known for its sizeable interface, its focus on speed, and its simple Git operation. With a practical undo button, any errors can be revised im­me­di­ately, which sim­pli­fies the workload. The free version is available to companies with fewer than 20 employees and non-profit or­gan­iz­a­tions. The pro version offers ad­di­tion­al useful features, such as profile support so that various projects can be separated from each other.

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Apache Allura

Allura is an open source software from Apache and is used for managing source code re­pos­it­or­ies, bug reports, dis­cus­sions, wiki pages, blogs, and other online content. When it comes to issue tracking in Allura, you can use markdown format­ting and file at­tach­ments as well as issue tickets with so-called mile­stones. An advanced search syntax is also available, which you can use to store frequent search queries. However, code veri­fic­a­tion isn’t possible with this system. The platform was developed with Python.

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